Saladin `the Great' (Sultan) of EGYPT, etc. (Tikrit 1138? - 4/3/1193) ; aka Yusuf (Yousuf) `Salah-al-Din' ibn AYYUB (the WALIULLAH); renowned for acts of charity, chivalry, and ruthlessness
Salathial (Shealtiel) ha-DAVID ; or: prob. not Pedaiah (Salathial's brother); Heir of the DAVIDIC Dynasty from his stepfather King Jeconiah; 2nd EXILARCH in Babylon; aka Shealtiel ben NERIA
Samsuditana (King) of BABYLON (? - 1595+ BC) ; (Samsuditani Samsu-Ditana); (defeated by King Mursilis I of the Hittites, effectively ending the 1st Dynasty hegemony of Babylon)
Samudra Vijaya (King) of SAURIPURA ; aka Samudravijay (Sumitra); (Jainists show Aristhneminath as 1st cousin of Lord Krishna, but details don't quite match)
[Samuel (John's brother)] John (Sir) HOUSTON (1657 - 1735) ; or: poss. Samuel (John's brother)
Samuel HENDERSON (poss. Fife, Scotl. 28/11/1713 - 19/1/1782 Augusta Co., Virg.) ; fought in French and Indian War, Revolution; founded Bonny Doone farm in Virginia; dealings with Givens family, q.v.
Samuel HENDERSON [alt ped] (Fife, Scotl. 28/11/1713 - ?) ; (descent of the Virginia Hendersons from the Baronets of Fordel is based on questionable evidence of Dr. Joseph Lyon Miller)
Samuel `Sam' (Gen.) HOUSTON (Virg. 1793 - 1863 Texas) ; (1st President of TEXAS, later Senator & Governor; removed from office when he refused to join the Confederacy; eponym of City of Houston)
[Sancha of ARAGON, q.v.] Clemencia de BIGORRE (1027? - 1065+) ; or: prob. not Sancha of ARAGON, q.v.; (FOIX-BIGORRE); (the claim that Clemencia was mother of Ermengol IV is prob. wrong -- Adalaidis was named....
Sanchez II Mittara (Duke) de GASCOGNE (? - 875?) ; aka Sancho II SANCHEZ; poss. Prince of the BASQUES; (some sources show him about two generations later than others)
Sancho III (Garcie; GARCEZ) of CASTILE (991? - 1035) ; King of PAMPLONA; `the Great'; King of NAVARRE; (upon his death, the vast Kingdom of Navarre was split between his sons)
Sarah BERNHARDT (Paris 23/10/1844 - 26/3/1923 Paris) ; aka Rosine Marie Henriette BERNARDT; aka The Divine Sarah; (`The most famous actress in the history of the world')
[Sarah BETTS] Sarah CROWELL (Devons. ? - 1659) ; or: Sarah BETTS;
[Sarah SEABROOK (niece of her mother-in-law Alice Seabrook)] Sarah WHEELER (Bedford 1628 - ?) ; or: prob. not Sarah SEABROOK (niece of her mother-in-law Alice Seabrook)
Sargon II `the Great' (117th King) of ASSYRIA (? - 705+ BC) ; 12/13th King of Neo-Assyrian Period; also 6th King of Dynasty X of BABYLON; conquered Israel (ten of 12 tribes) in 722 BC
Saul ben KISH (1st King) of ISRAEL (? - 1013? BC) ; aka Shaul ben QYSH (ben KISH); ``there was not among the children of Israel a goodlier person than he''; ....
[Scanlan of OSSARY (q.v. : Colman's son)] Colman Mor MacECHACH (? - by 574?) ; or: Scanlan of OSSARY (q.v. : Colman's son); King of OSRAIGE (OSSORY; LEINSTER); (ancestors' dates are wildly inconsistent with ``son'' Ronan's dates)
[Sceaf (Shem), q.v., son of Noah] Akiya (3rd King) of ASSYRIA ; or: prob. not Sceaf (Shem), q.v., son of Noah; (Akkiya Akkia); (predecessor of Puzur Asshur I, but prob. not father)
[Sebaste Maria SKLERAINA] Pulcheria(?) SKLERAINA (1002? - by 1041) ; or: Na or: Sebaste Maria SKLERAINA; (yet another consort of Constantine IX was his favorite, unnamed Princess `Augusta' of Alania, she was too young to be Irina's mother)
Sebeknefru (Queen) of EGYPT (? - 1785? BC) ; 8th (& last) PHARAOH of 12th Dynasty; (some sources show her as childless; some sources show her as wife and half-sister of Amenemhat IV)
[Segnius of ALEMANNIA, q.v.] Walbert I (Count) de ARDENNES (485+ - 530?) ; aka Wambert (Vaubert Wambertus) I (Duke) of MOSELLE (MOSEL); (decided Walbert of Ardennes and Wambert of ....
Sekenenre Tao I (PHARAOH) at THEBES (1605? BC - 1558 BC) ; aka Sanakhtenre Ta'o; 13th/9th PHARAOH of the 17th Dynasty of EGYPT; (he followed his father Inyotef VII ....
Sekhemre-Sementawi Djehuti (PHARAOH) of EGYPT ; The 17th Dynasty seized control from the Hyksos (Semites?); David Hughes speculates that it was at this time that the Hebrews were enslaved.
[Semahl the (Syrian) GOD, q.v.] Samael (Sammael) the DEMON ; `Venom of God'; poss. aka Angel of Death; 1st lover of Eve; (Lilith's 2nd husband); poss. aka Lucifer (Eosphorus; the Satan)
[Semane] Agnes of (AQUITAINE) POINTOU (1052? - 1078) ; or: Semane or: Beatrix d' AQUITAINE (aka?); (perhaps Agnes and Beatrix were half-sisters who both married Alfonso VI)
Senachtenre (PHARAOH) at THEBES [alt ped] (1600? BC - 1560? BC) ; (many in this pedigree are duplicated in database, but this alternate pedigree is hard to reconcile)
Senekerima ARCURNI (King) of WASPUKARAN (Vaspurakan, Armenia 965? - 1027) ; aka Senakerim II; aka Sennacherib-John ARTSRUNID; aka Sennacherib Johannes I von VASPOURAKAN; aka Senek'erim-Yovhannes; Lord of RSHTOUNIK
Sennacherib (King) of ASSYRIA & BABYLON (? - 681+ BC) ; 13/14th King of Neo-Assyrian Period; (conquered Judah under Ezechias, q.v.; his son Ashur-nadin-shumi is ....
[Seraphin I von TAXIS (Bartholomeus' half-brother?)] Bartholomeus (Count) von TAXIS (1511? - 1549?) ; or: poss. Seraphin I von TAXIS (Bartholomeus' half-brother?)
Serge I (Prince) of SIOUNIE (? - 595?) ; or: (NN : Serge's ancestor); (There are far too many generations in this lineage, taken from Dirk Peters' database; Probably many of t....
Sesotris III Khakaure (PHARAOH) of EGYPT (? - 1842? BC) ; (Senusref Senwosret); 5th of 12th Dynasty; (prob. during his reign that Joseph ben Jacob, q.v., came to E....
Seth, GOD of Storms ; poss. aka Typhon the GIANT, q.v. (Greek counterpart); (Egyptian myth)
Seti (Setymeramen) ; (a military commander; prob. Not same person as Ramose (Vizier to Amenhotep III)); aka Baenre Merynetjeru Merneptah Hetephermaat Ramessid ?
Shah Jahan (I; 5th EMPEROR) of INDIA (Lahore 1592 - 1666 Agra) ; aka Khurram Shihab-ud-din Muhammad Shah JAHAN; (served as Army commander before father's death, rebelled ....
Shalmaneser III (King) of ASSYRIA (? - 829? BC) ; aka Shulman-asharid (Salmanassar); poss. aka Enemessaros; 4th King of Neo-Assyrian Period; (defeated in b....
Shapur (Shahpur) I (King) of PERSIA (215? - 272?) ; or: prob. not King Varanes III (poss. 3-g grandson of Shapur I); `King of kings of Iran and non-Iran'; of PARTHIA
Shapur II `the Great' (Shah) of PERSIA (309? - 379?) ; (Schapur Shahpur Sapor; SASSANID); (his 70-year reign is the longest ever of any West Asian monarch)
Shaw (1st Chief of) MacKINTOSH (? - 1179?) ; aka Sheagh Mac-in-toisich; surname means `son of the chief'; (the descent of MacKINTOSH from the early Ea....
Shebitku (PHARAOH) of EGYPT (? - 690 BC) ; (Schebitku); (after death of Sargon II of Assyria, Shebitku defended Jerusalem from Assyria, e.g. at Battle of Eltekh, 701 BC)
Shebuel the Chief ; (prob. author of Deuteronomy ); poss. aka Jonathan
Shelah (ben CAINAN) of CHALDEA (2307? BC - 1874? BC) ; aka Shaleh (Shelach Sala Sale Salah) ibn ARPHECKSHAD; poss. aka Salon; poss. one of the Progenitors of Europe
Shem (Sceaf Sam Sem) ibn NOAH (2454? BC - 1842 BC) ; (the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle shows Shem as father of Bedwig); progenitor of Asia; eponym of SHEM....
[Shem] Pelag ben EBER (Shinar 2243? BC - 2004? BC) ; aka Phaleg ibn HUD (or ibn ABER); (Falikh Peleg); `Opening'; poss. King of BABYLON
Shih Chu Hou (KHAN) of HSIUNG-NU (170? - 195+) ; aka Qizi Shisu Quti (43rd King) of the HUNS; 2nd King of the 8th Southern XIONGNU Dynasty; (some sources ....
Shoshank I (1st PHARAOH) of 22nd Dynasty (990? BC - 924? BC) ; aka Shoshenq (Shisak Sheshonq) of the LIBYAN Dynasty of EGYPT; waged war successfully against Israel (und....
Shoshenk `D' (PHARAOH) of EGYPT ; or: poss. Nimlot (q.v., Shoshenk's brother); aka Sheshonq (III) the LIBYAN; High Priest of Ptah
Shuppiluliumash I (King) of KHATTI (1405? BC - 1346? BC) ; King (EMPEROR) of the HITTITES; aka Suppiluliumas (Suppiluliuma) I; defeated the Mitanni in battle
[Sibilla de LONGCHAMPS, q.v.] Devorguilla II MacDONALD of GALLOWAY (1212?? - 1290) ; or: Sibilla de LONGCHAMPS, q.v.; Heiress Presumptive of Scotland until her death; (Dervigilde)
[Sieghard (Count) of GILBIET, with similar dates] Sieghard III (Count) von SULZBURGGAU (900? - 959+) ; or: poss. Engelbert im SALZBURGGAU (Sieghard's brother); of CHIEMGAU; von BAYERN; (poss. Count of GILBIET)
Sieghard III (Count) von SULZBURGGAU (900? - 959+) ; or: poss. Engelbert im SALZBURGGAU (Sieghard's brother); of CHIEMGAU; von BAYERN; (poss. Count of GILBIET)
Sigebert (III; IV; I; Comte) de RAZES (676? - 758?) ; poss. self-styled King of FRANKS; (the descent of the Counts of Razes from Dagobert II is believed to be a hoax)
Sigebert V (Comte) de RAZES (840? - 885? Brittany) ; aka Prince Ursus; aka Sigisbert VI; aka Sigbert III; deposed by Charles the Bald, q.v., and exiled to Brittany
[Sigehard King of the SAXONS, q.v.] (NN) of ALEMANIA (615? - ?) ; or: poss. Sigehard King of the SAXONS, q.v. or: poss. skip this generation; aka (NN) AGILOLFINGES
Sigmund VOLSUNGSSON (King of HUNLAND) ; pulled Odin's sword from the tree Branstock; (Signy's twin); raised Siggeir's sons (& Sinfiotli who was thought to be Siggeir's son)
[Sigtyggr (q.v. : King of Dublin : Guthorm's brother or cousin)] Guthorm IVARSSON (? - 890?) ; or: poss. Sigtyggr (q.v. : King of Dublin : Guthorm's brother or cousin); King of Dublin
Sigurd `Fofnersbane' SIGMUNDSSON of DENMARK (730? - ?) ; aka Siguard Fornisban (Fovnesbane) SIGMUNSSON (WOLSUNG); (poss. historic, but some chronologies put him 3 centuries earlier)
Silurian Period (Paleozoic Era) (444 M BC - 416 M BC) ; jawed fish, simple land plants; (Silurian subdivided into Alexandrian, Wenlock, Ludlow and Pridoli Epochs)
Silvius (Hisicion) d' ITALIA ; or: (NN) of the NEMEDIANS (in Irish legend); aka Silvius Aeneas the DARDANIAN; aka Selys (Silius) Hen (King) of the SILURIANS
[Simeon Knez (q.v., Boris' son)] Boris Michael (KHAN) of BULGARIA (848? - 907) ; or: Simeon Knez (q.v., Boris' son); aka Borys-Michal (TSAR) of the BULGARS; `the Christener'
Simon GOLDSCHMIDT (1610? - 1658) ; (Court Banker); aka Moshe Shimon ben Baruch levi; (Obervorsteher of the Jews of Kassel; Court Jew in Kassel; Court Jeweller)
Simon IV de MONTFORT (1165? - 1218) ; leader of heinous Albigensian Crusade; Viscount of Beziers & Carcasonne; 5th Earl of LEICESTER; 4th Lord High Steward of England
Simon V de MONTFORT (1208 - 4/8/1265) ; Earl of LEICESTER; invited to Henry III 's court as a foreign flatterer, he became one of the most powerf....
[Simon de MONTFORT] Philippe II de MONTFORT-L'AMAURY (1225? - 1270) ; or: poss. Simon de MONTFORT; de la FERTE ALAIS; Sn. de CASTRES
Simon de WAHULL (Bedfords. ? - by 1160) ; Baron of ODELL; (although Wahull speaks of their medieval Barony to the present day, there is no evidence....
sister of Bridei VI ; (this wife is based purely on the supposition that Kenneth married a Pictish Heiress to solidify the claims of him and his heirs)
Skuli BAARDSSON (1188? - 1240) ; aka Skule BERDSSON; Jarl (Duke) in Norway; friend of Snorri
Skuli (TOSTISSON) KONGSFOSTRE (1052? - ?) ; (Skuli's father was long known to be a high-ranking Englishman, but the old speculation that he was Tosti....
Sofiya VLADIMIROVNA (RURIKIDE) (1141 - 1198) ; aka Sophia WOLODARNOWNA von MINSK; Princess of NOVGOROD; aka Sofie of POLOCK
[Sofja of POLOWEZKI] Gytha (Princess) of WESSEX (1053? - 1107) ; aka Gyda HARALDSDATTER; (illegitimate daughter of King Harold who fled after Battle of Hastings, first to Denmark, then Russia)
Solomon ben DAVID (2nd King) of ISRAEL (? - 926?? BC) ; aka Jedidiah, Salomo; built Temple for Ark of the Covenant of Yahweh ; aka Shelmoh (Shelomoh) b....
Somerled (II) MacGILLEBRIDE (1113? - 1164) ; Lord/Thane of the ISLES; 8th Thane of ARGYLL; King of South Isles; aka Somhairle Mor; (Dna tests reveal S....
Songtsen Gampo (1st Dharmaraja) of TIBET (? - 650) ; or: Gungri Gungtsen (Songtsen's son); expanded Kingdom of Tibet; (33rd King, called 33rd EMPEROR); founded the Buddhist Dynasty
[Sperchius the RIVER GOD] Zeus the OLYMPIAN (in Cretan cave) ; aka Zeus (Jupiter) of OLYMPUS; Greek GOD of the Sky; `Cloud gatherer'; 3rd/4th Ruler GOD of the Universe
Sprota de BRETAGNE (concubine) (911? - by 945) ; aka Espriota (Sproata Adela) of SENLIS; aka Sporte `la Danoise'; (she was a captured concubine; her Carol....
Stefan WITTELSBACH (Landgrave) of SIMMERN (1385 - 1459) ; aka Stefan of ZWEIBRUCKEN; Etienne von WITTELSBACH; Pfalzgraf/Herzog von der PFALZ-SIMMERN; Prince of GERMANY
Stephen IV of BLOIS (Blois 1096? - 1154 Kent) ; King of ENGLAND; during the 19 years of his reign ``horrors and ... tortures ... and ever it was worse ......
Stephen (II) van RENSSELAER (1742 - 1769 Albany) ; 8th Patroon (5th Lord) of RENSSELAERSWYCK; Gouverneur of New York
Stephen van RENSSELAER (Albany, NY 1707 - 1747 Albany) ; (7th Patroon & 4th Lord of RENSSELAERSWYCK)
Stephen (III) van RENSSELAER (N.Y. 1764 - 1839 Albany) ; (Lt. Governor of New York; eponym of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Major General; philanthropus; 7th ....
Stjepan III (II) FRANKAPAN (MODRUSKI) (? - 1481+) ; aka Stephan (Istvan Stefan) FRANGEPAN zu VEGLISA; aka Stefano FRANGIPANE; Co-Ban of CROATIA; ; Graf von Veglia & Modrus
[Suanhilde of BAVARIA, q.v.] Sunnichild (Princess) of BAVARIA (700? - 741?) ; or: poss. Suanhilde of BAVARIA, q.v. or: wife of Pepin III; poss. aka Swanchilda AGILOFINGER de BAVIERA
Subatomic Era / Electroweak Epoch (10^-32 sec - 10^-11 sec) ; (universe dominated first by W and Z bosons, then by Electron-quark soup; at end of this epoch, weak and electro forces separate)
Subboreal Chronozone (3000 BC - 500 BC) ; (this period and Subatlantic are cooler and collectively called the Neoglacial)
Subdivision of Mesangiospermae ; (Ceratophyllum prob. clades with Eudicots, but otherwise the clading of Classes within the Subdivision is controversial)
Subphylum Vertebrata (510 M BC - ?) ; (Hagfishes were formerly combined with Lampreys into a Jawless Fish superclass, but Hagfishes are no longer considered vertebrates); ...
Suddhodhana (poss. Prince of KOSALA) ; (Warrior) Chief of SAKYA Tribe; (some modern scholars think he was not a Prince but an elected chief); poss. aka Shakay
[Suibne MacNAILGUS (shown here as Ranald's wife)] Ranald II (King) of WATERFORD (? - 1035? Dublin) ; or: Suibne MacNAILGUS (shown here as Ranald's wife); (Ragnall)
Suibne RUADH ; aka Sven (Suibhne) the Red; founder & eponym of Clan MacSWEEN; (built Castles Skipness and Sween, the la....
Sunnichild (Princess) of BAVARIA (700? - 741?) ; or: poss. Suanhilde of BAVARIA, q.v. or: wife of Pepin III; poss. aka Swanchilda AGILOFINGER de BAVIERA
Sunyer (Suniario) of BESALU (883? - 954) ; Count of BARCELONA; aka Suniaire de BARCELONE; Count of URGEL; (sometimes his brother Sunifred is shown as Borrell's father.)
Superorder Crocodylomorpha (Crurotarsi) ; (the only living species in Crurotarsi are in Eusuchia, so we do not detail the involved clading of extinct families)
Susanna Ann BURGESS (prob. assumed name) (Paris 1788? - ? Scotland) ; smuggled to England in wine casque as an infant; (Sally Denton claims she was descended from Rioux family)
Svafrlami SIGRLAMASSON (King) of GARDARIKI ; or: Frodi (King) of DANES; aka Svafrlami (Svaflami Svaflam) of NORWAY; (legendary King of RUSSIA, had magic sword Tyrfing, which cou....
Sviatoslav (Svatislav) I IGORJEWITSCH (915? - 972) ; aka Svjatoslav I Velikij Knjas KIJEVSKIJ; aka Swjatoslav I `the Warlike' von KIEW; RURIKOVICH; Grand Prince of KIEV
Symon (Sir; 2nd of Lee) LOCARD ; `Lockheart' (so named because he carried the key to the casket of Robert Bruce's heart carried on Crusade in 1329); ...