The PEDIGREE of
First Speaker of Common Germanic

     Jastorf Iron Age culture

    Note: Since adjacent dialects may co-evolve for centuries, a discrete tree model is often inappropriate. There are three ways to form 2/1 clades of a 3-way branching like Common Germanic and all three (North+West = Northwest, North+East = Northeast and West+East = South) have been proposed!
 
    External page: My own explanation of why Gimbutas' theory of Indo-European origin must be true.
 
    Note: Germanic is shown with two parents because it is a hybrid of two northern I-E dialects, one each from Centum and Satem groups. Such hybrids may be unusual, but can arise when the two dialects are mutually intelligible (or nearly so). (Germanic is something of a mystery for I-E specialists; the conclusion that it is a hybrid results from recent work by Prof. Ringe.)

     Born:  ca 600 BC


 "Child(ren)":       First Speaker of East Germanic   ;   First Speaker of West Germanic   ;   First Speaker of Old Norse (North Germanic)
______________________________________________________ 
/-- First Speaker of Early Indo-Hellenic   +====> [ 104]
/-- First Speaker of Late Indo-Hellenic
/-- First Speaker of Early Indo-Slavic (Satem Core)
/-- First Speaker of Late Indo-Slavic  (ca 2900 BC)
/-- First Speaker of Proto-Baltic  (ca 3000 BC)
/  
- First Speaker of Common Germanic
\   /-- First Speaker of Late Indo-Hittite   +====> [ 101]
/-- First Speaker of Indo-European Proper
/-- First Speaker of Late Indo-European  (ca 3800 BC)
/-- prob.  First Speaker of Italo-Celtic  (3500 BC)
| or: Italic (q.v.)
/   | or: poss. Early Indo-Hellenic (q.v.)
\-- First Speaker of pre-Germanic  (ca 3300 BC)
\   /-- poss.  First Speaker of Late Eurasiatic, q.v.
/   | or: a non-Nostratic language
/-- prob.  Pitted Ware Culture
/-- prob.  First Speaker of Erteboelle
/   | OR: poss. First Speaker of Far-northern Berberish   +====> [ 100]
\-- First Speaker of Funnel-Beaker
\   /-- Man of the Magelmose toolkit   +====> [ 91]
/-- Man of Kongemose Culture
\-- woman of Erteboelle Culture
 

  (poss.) ``Grandchildren:''       Ostrogotha (King) of the GOTHS   ;   First Speaker of Old Anglo-Frisian   ;   First Speaker of Icelandic   ;   First Speaker of Old Danish
  (poss.) ``2(+)-Great Grandchildren:''       Athal   ;   Hengest (King) of KENT   ;   Fridleif SKJOLDSSON (King) of the DANES
 

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