Pedigree: Domain of Eukaryotes

The PEDIGREE of

Domain of Eukaryotes

(one-celled Eukaryotes are collectively called Protista; Excavata & Rhizaria together called Cabozoa; Archaeplastida & Chromalveolata together called Corticata; all but Unikonta collectively called Bikonta; but these clades may not be monophyletic)

Note: Parts of the tree of life are still controversial, for two reasons: (1) much evolution occurred in brief flurries like the Cambrian revolution 600 million years ago; (2) Cross-species genetic transfer (in which a species has no single clearcut ancestor), while rare, probably was responsible for many key advances.
Thus plants and animals both evolved from early eukaryotes, which differentiated rapidly 1 billion years ago, after ingesting prokaryotes -- photosynthesizing prokaryotes in the case of plants, or oxidizing in the case of animals. (I even thought of using the `mother' branch of the pedigree to suggest such genetic transfers!)

Born: 2100 M BC

"Child(ren)": Kingdom Chromalveolata ; Superempire Unikonta ; Kingdom Excavata ; Empire of Archaeplastida ; Apusozoa (apusomonads : ancyromonads : hemimastigids) ; Centrohelida ; Rhizaria (Foraminifer : Radiolarian) ; poss. Collodictyonida

poss. "Partner(s)": Red plastid ; Green Algal Plastid ; Chloroplastid

________	________	_______	_______	_______	_______	_______	_______	_______
							/	-- Last Universal Ancestor of Present Life +	====> [ 41]
						/	-- Proto-Bacteria (3700 M BC)
					/	-- Glycobacteria
				/	-- Eurybacteria
			/	-- Phylum Actinobacteria
		/	-- Class Actinobacteridae
	/	-- (NN), a thermophilic Bacterium
/	-- (NN), a Nucleated Cell
\|	\					/	-- Eurybacteria +		====> [ 44]
\|	\|				/	-- Phylum Actinobacteria
\|	\|			/	-- Class Actinobacteridae
\|	\|		/	-- (NN), a thermophilic Bacterium
\|	\|	/	-- Superdomain of Neomura
\|	\|	\|	\			/	-- Phylum Firmicutes +		====> [ 45]
\|	\|	\|	\|		/	-- Order Clostridiales (sulfite-reducing bacteria)
\|	\|	\|	\|	/	-- Family Clostridiaceae
\|	\|	/	\	-- Clostridium
/	\	-- (NN), a Cell Nucleus
- Domain of Eukaryotes
\						/	-- Earlier Life (Based on Rna and Protein) +		====> [ 40]
\|					/	-- Last Universal Ancestor of Present Life
\|				/	-- Proto-Bacteria (3700 M BC)
\|			/	-- Glycobacteria
\|		/	-- Gracilicutes
\|	/	-- Phylum Proteobacteria
\	-- Pre-Mitochondrion Bacteria

``1-Great Grandchildren:'' Division Heterokontophyta ; Superphylum Alveolata ; Superkingdom Holozoa ; Superkingdom of Fungi and Nuclearidae ; Phylum Euglenozoa ; Phylum Rhodophyta (Red Algae) ; Kingdom of Viridiplantae