Pedigree: First Speaker of Proto-Germanic

The PEDIGREE of

First Speaker of Proto-Germanic

(details of Scandinavian prehistory are murky: perhaps Pitted Ware was pre-Germanic, with Germanic a branch of Corded Ware)

Note: Since adjacent dialects may co-evolve for centuries, a discrete tree model is often inappropriate. There are three ways to form 2/1 clades of a 3-way branching like Common Germanic and all three (North+West = Northwest, North+East = Northeast and West+East = South) have been proposed!

External page: My own explanation of why Gimbutas' theory of Indo-European origin must be true.

Note: Germanic is shown with two parents because it is a hybrid of two northern I-E dialects, one each from Centum and Satem groups. Such hybrids may be unusual, but can arise when the two dialects are mutually intelligible (or nearly so). (Germanic is something of a mystery for I-E specialists; the conclusion that it is a hybrid results from recent work by Prof. Ringe.)

"Child(ren)": First Speaker of Early Common Germanic

________	________	_______	_______	_______	_______	_______	_______	_______
							/	-- First Speaker of Late Indo-Hittite +	====> [ 49]
						/	-- First Speaker of Indo-European Proper
					/	-- First Speaker of Late Indo-European
				/	-- First Speaker of Early Indo-Hellenic
			/	-- First Speaker of Late Indo-Hellenic
		/	-- First Speaker of Early Indo-Slavic (Satem Core)
	/	-- First Speaker of Late Indo-Slavic (ca 2900 BC)
/	-- First Speaker of Proto-Baltic (ca 3000 BC)
/		/ or: some other source for Creole/Koine features of Germanic
- First Speaker of Proto-Germanic
\						/	-- First Speaker of Early Indo-Hittite +		====> [ 45]
\|					/	-- First Speaker of Indo-Hittite
\|					/	\	-- poss. Substrate from Northwest Caucasian +		====> [ 42]
\|				/	-- First Speaker of Late Indo-Hittite
\|				\|	\	-- Woman of the Late Copper Age
\|				/		\	-- Woman of the Middle Copper Age +		====> [ 47]
\|			/	-- First Speaker of Indo-European Proper
\|		/	-- First Speaker of Late Indo-European (ca 3800 BC)
\|	/	-- prob. First Speaker of Italo-Celtic (3500 BC)
\|	\|		/ or: Italic (q.v.)
\|	/		/ or: poss. Early Indo-Hellenic (q.v.)
\	-- First Speaker of pre-Germanic (ca 3300 BC)
	\			/	-- poss. First Speaker of Late Eurasiatic, q.v.
	\|			/		/ or: a non-Nostratic language
	\|		/	-- prob. PITTED WARE CULTURE
	\|	/	-- prob. First Speaker of Erteboelle
	\|	/		/ OR: poss. First Speaker of Far-northern Berberish +					====> [ 45]
	\	-- First Speaker of Funnel-Beaker
		\				/	-- Man of the SOLUTREAN TOOLKIT +		====> [ 37]
		\|			/	-- Man of the MAGDALENIAN TOOLKIT
		\|			/		/ or: AHRENSBURG CULTURE
		\|		/	-- Man of the MAGELMOSE TOOLKIT
		\|	/	-- Man of KONGEMOSE CULTURE
		\	-- woman of ERTEBOELLE CULTURE

``2-Great Grandchildren:'' First Speaker of Gothic ; First Speaker of Suevic ; Woman of OKSYWIE CULTURE ; First Speaker of Old Low Germanic ; First Speaker of Northern Old English ; First Speaker of West Scandinavian ; First Speaker of East Scandinavian